work Fig.12.4(a) & (b): Intercooling in two-stage compression It is present between expansion valve and evaporator coil. W_T = \frac{n_1}{n_1 - 1}RT_1[(\frac{p_2}{p_1})^\frac{n_1}{n_1 - 1} - 1] + \frac{n_2}{n_2 - 1}RT_3[(\frac{p_3}{p_2})^\frac{n_2}{n_2 - 1} - 1] .......(1)\\ Hi everybody! 8.5 shows the schematic diagram of the multistage compressor. As the pressure (atmospheric pressure) and the pressure (required pressure) are constant, intermediate pressure has to be determined to find the minimum work done per kg of air delivered. Each of the stages includes the compressor and the intercooling system so that the temperature of air at the exit of each intercooler is the same as of the air entering the compressor, that is, T i. Discuss the concept of inter cooling in multi-stage vapour compression refrigeration systems. \frac{1}{x}T_1(x)[\frac{p_2^{x -1}}{p_1^x}]\hspace{0.05cm}+\hspace{0.05cm}\frac{1}{y}T_3(-y)[\frac{p_3^y}{p_2^{y+1}}] = 0\\ You must be logged in to read the answer. C. Multistage compression with intercooling. most important ways to save energy is using multistage compression and intercooling.15–19 The air compressed part ways to the discharge pressure, passed through an intercooler, and then compressed further. Reduces work done per kg of air C. Reduces cost of compressor D. Gives more uniform torque E. All of the above Discuss multi-stage vapour compression refrigeration systems with flash gas removal and inter cooling. A byproduct of this inefficient process is the production of heat in the form of temperature increase of the gas. B. Multistage compression without intercooling. Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle - MCQs with Answers Q1. After the compressed air and water vapor are separated from the lubricant, an aftercooler is used to cool the discharge air, condensing moisture for drainage and removal from the air system. Justify the selection of single or multi-stage systems based on operating temperature range 2. 9.6; less work is required for smaller speciﬁc volume of the compressed substance. Ch 8, Lesson C, Page 13 - 2-Stage Compression With Intercooling. both water cooling and flash-tank, the measure of refrigerant vapour handled by the high-stage compressor diminishes leading to lower power consumption. D. None of these. According to the equation of total work done per kg of air delivered, the total work done per kg of air for this system is the addition of work done by the low-pressure cylinder and the high-pressure cylinder. High pressure ratio gives high compressor discharge temperature C. … 7. C. To enable compression in two stages. increasing the turbine work, or both can increase it. Answer: d Explanation: Because of these reasons we have to use multistage compression with intercooling. $P_1$=Initial pressure - Published on 20 Aug 15. a. water. (\frac{P_3}{P_2 })^\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{P_3}{P_2^2}$,$P_2^2=(\frac{P_3}{P_2 })^\frac{-1}{n}. Skip to content. Multistage compression refers to the compression process completed in more than one stage i.e., a part of compression occurs in one cylinder and subsequently compressed air is sent to subsequent cylinders for further compression. It cannot be used next time. Q. In case it is desired to increase the compression ratio of compressor then multi-stage compression becomes inevitable. Improves volumetric efficiency for the given pressure ratio B. ... (MCQ) questions and answers >> Thermodynamics; Q. 7. a) Two stage vapor compression with liquid intercooler and flash chamber Easier to control the air temperature. A.Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is equal to initial temperature B.Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is less than initial temperature C.Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages should be zero D.Temperature of inlet to subsequent stages should be equal to the final temperature E.None of the above, Your email address will not be published. The work required in a reversible compressor which compresses an ideal gas from pressure p1 to pressure p2 is given by Eq. Why multistage compressors are mostly used than single stage compressor ? Figures 12.4 (a) and (b) show the process of intercooling in two-stage compression on Pressure-specific volume (P-v) and P-h diagrams. • When intercooling and flash gas removal are combined, the … a. throttling valve b. capillary tube c. either throttling valve or capillary tube d. none of the above View Answer / Hide Answer • Intercooling may also be done with an external liquid such as water. $T_2$=temperature at entry of 2nd stage after inter cooling, $\frac{dW_T}{dp_2} = 0\\ Download our mobile app and study on-the-go. Flash Chamber is generally used in multistage refrigeration system. Which device is used for the expansion of refrigerant in vapour compression refrigeration cycle? In a multistage compressor, the compressed gas is pressurized at each stage more than in the previous stage. p_2 = \sqrt{p_1p_3}$. p_2 = [\frac{T_3(p_3p_1)^x}{T_1}]^\frac{1}{2x}\\ In multistage compressors, with each compression cycle, the pressure increases, which leads to an increase in temperature. T_1p_2^{x +y} - T_3p_3^yp_1^x = 0\\ Compression with Intercooling. MULTISTAGE COMPRESSION: Multi staging is simply the compression of air or gas in two or more cylinders in place of a single cylinder compressor. Reducing in air compressor size. Physics Chemistry. 5. 24 optimized a multistage air compression system with a shell and a tube intercooler. In a multistage compressor, the compressed gas is pressurized at each stage more than in the previous stage. Lubrication problem does not exit. A. This reduction in temperature means a reduction in internal energy of the delivered air, and since this energy must have come from the input energy required to drive the machine this results in a decrease in input work requirement for a given mass of delivered air. p_2^{x +y} = \frac{T_3p_3^yp_1^x}{T_1}\\ a) using a single stage with high pressure ratio decreases volumetric efficiency b) high pressure ratio with dry compression gives high compressor discharge temperature c) the refrigerant is damaged d) all of the mentioned View Answer. temperature. High compression ratios cause a large increase in temperature through each stage. To minimize specific work input or power consumption, in two-stage air compression with 100% isentropic efficiency and What is used as an intercooler in multistage compression of vapour compression refrigeration system? Derivation for intermediate pressure: Let $T_1$=Initial temperature, Compressing a gas increases its internal energy which in turn raises its temperature and increases its density. Multistage compression. Single stage compression. $W= {\frac{n}{n-1} mRT_1 [(P_2/P_1 )^((n-1)/n)- 1]}+ {n/(n-1) mRT_2 [(P_3/P_2 )^((n-1)/n)- 1]}$, $\frac{dW}{dP_2}=\frac{n}{n-1}.mRT_1 [(\frac{P_2}{P_1 })^\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{1}{P_1} -0].\frac {n}{n-1} mRT_2 [(\frac{P_3}{P_2} )^\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{P_3}{-P_2^2 }- 0 ]$, $0=T_1 (\frac{P_2}{P_1 })^\frac{-1}{n}.\frac{1}{P_1} - T_2 (\frac{P_3}{P_2}) ^\frac{-1}{n}.\frac{P_3}{P_2^2}$, $T_1. p_2 = [\frac{T_3p_3^yp_1^x}{T_1}]^\frac{1}{x +y}\\ Thus, it is essential to reduce the air temperature. \textit{Assuming} \frac{n_1}{n_1 - 1} =x\hspace{0.25cm}\&\hspace{0.25cm}\frac{n_2}{n_2 -1} = y\\ If an intercooler is installed between cylinders, in which the compressed air is cooled between cylinders, then the final delivery temperature is reduced. • When intercooling and flash gas removal are combined, the … A. An intercooler typically takes the form of a heat exchanger that removes waste heat in a gas compressor. Classify multi-stage … While in single stage compression process there is no intercooling process, the cooling is only through the cylinder wall surface. In multistage compression, perfect intercooling means. Engineering :: Heat Engines ... To enable use of small cylinders and eliminate problems of unbalanced forces [C]. Ch 8, Lesson C, Page 13 - 2-Stage Compression With Intercooling. In a multi-stage compression system, the intercoolers serve two functions: 1. Go ahead and login, it'll take only a minute. p_2 = \sqrt{p_3p_1(\frac{T_3}{T_1})^\frac{1}{x}}\\ •At a given pressure, the specific volume can be reduced by reducing the temperature. Discuss the concept of flash gas removal using flash tank. The multi stage compression as compared to single stage compression..... A. Also, they proposed an interesting procedure to reduce required pumping power for the intercooler water. Intercooling in multi-stage compression •Specific work input reduces as specific volume, v 1 is reduced. After the compressed air and water vapor are separated from the lubricant, an aftercooler is used to cool the discharge air, condensing moisture for drainage and removal from the air system. T_1[\frac{p_2^{x - 1}}{p_1^x}] - T_3[\frac{p_3^y}{p_2^{y + 1}} = 0\\ The gas is cooled to the initial temperature between the compression stages by passing the gas through a heat exchanger called the intercooler. Ch 8, Lesson C, Page 16 - HS Diagram for Multi-Stage Compression. Flash chamber separates liquid from vapour refrigerant and sends only liquid refrigerant to evaporator and vapour to compressor by bypassing evaporator coil. To cool air during compression : Answer: Option C The evaporating temperature is -25 oC and condensing temperature 47 oC.The refrigeration capacity is 8 TR and the compression is … One of the outline issues in multi-stage compression is the determination This energy comes from the extra shaft work input to the 1-stage compressor. The intercooler may be water cooled or air cooled. \textit{If},\hspace{0.05cm}n_1 = n_2 = n,\hspace{0.05cm}\textit{then}\hspace{0.05cm}x = y\\ a) using a single stage with high pressure ratio decreases volumetric efficiency b) high pressure ratio with dry compression gives high compressor discharge temperature c) the refrigerant is damaged d) all of the mentioned View Answer. (\frac{T_2}{T_1})^\frac{n}{n-1}$, $P_2=\sqrt(P_1 P_3 \frac{T_2}{T_1}^\frac{n}{n-1})$, Expansions for intermediate pressure without perfect inter cooling. Multistage Compression • For a given Vs, increasing rp will – decrease ηv. Compression of CO2 is an essential process in the development of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. Heat Engines Mcqs. 4. An intercooler is a mechanical device used to cool a gas after compression. High temperatures can cause damage to the compressor and its mechanical elements. Advantages of Multistage Compression Less Power Required: Less power is required to run a multistage compressor as compared to a single-stage compressor for the same delivery pressure and the same quantity of free air due to intercooling. ( permanent damage) Release all content or pressure to empty. Wu et al. The amount of air of respiratory importance reaching into alveoli is: In a Diesel engine the duration between the time of injection and time of ignition is called, Agriculture Ecology and General Silviculture Mcqs, Agriculture Genetics Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Mcqs, Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines Mcqs, Forest Types and Geographical Distribution Mcqs, Temperature Distribution and Ocean Salinity Mcqs. Fig. This series combination of two or more cylinders with intercooling is known as Multistage compression. What is used as an intercooler in multistage compression of vapour compression refrigeration system? Solution. 6. Why inter cooling is used in multistage compressor? Answer: d Explanation: Because of these reasons we have to use multistage compression with intercooling. Thus, it is essential to reduce the air temperature. – Increase delivery temperature • To achieve high pressures while avoiding those problems – Do Multistage Compression • At some intermediate pressure Pi, the gas is sent to a smaller cylinder to be compressed further. In multistage compression, perfect intercooling means [A]. This is called multistage compression with intercooling. Intercooling in multistage compressors is. W_T = \frac{1}{x}RT_1[(\frac{p_2}{p_1})^x - 1] \hspace{0.05cm}+\hspace{0.05cm}\frac{1}{y}RT_1[(\frac{p_3}{p_2})^y -1]$. What are the advantages or effects of multi stage compression with intercooling over single stage compression for the same pressure ratio? - Published on 20 Aug 15 A. Why is multistage compression with intercooling used? Home; Hakkımızda; Hizmetlerimiz; Fotoğraf Galerisi; intercooling in compressor is meant for h P P 1 1 2 2 3 3 2’ 2’ 4 4 v Savings in sp. Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is equal to initial temperature [B]. 3. Discuss the use of flash tank for intercooling only (Section 12.6) At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to: 1. An intercooler typically takes the form of a heat exchanger that removes waste heat in a gas compressor. b. air. Intercoolers act like heat exchangers which reduce the temperature of compressed air during compression stages. In multistage compressors, with each compression cycle, the pressure increases, which leads to an increase in temperature. 5.2.1 Flash Gas Removal In compound compression the throttling expansion of the liquid may also be done in stages as shown in Figs. Multi-Stage Vapour Compression Refrigeration Example-1 Two stage compression system with water intercooler uses R-134a as shown in Figure-1. To supply-air at two different pressures for use [E]. To cool the air at delivery. This is the principle behind intercooling in multi-stage compression. \frac{T_1p_2^{x -1}p_2^{y +1} - T_3p_3^yp_1^x}{p_1^xp_2^{y +1}} = 0\\ To reduce the temperature of the gas at the inlet to the next stage. Discuss the use of flash tank for flash gas removal only (Section 12.5) 7. B. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Your email address will not be published. When air is to be compressed at a high pressure, then it is advantageous to use. •This is the principle behind intercooling in multi-stage compression. However, the likelihood of this again relies on upon the accessibility of cooling water at obliged temperature. This set of Refrigeration Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Two/Multi Stage Compression with Water Intercooling, Liquid Subcooling and Flash Chamber – 1”. ... Multistage Compression. Therefore, cooling the gas as it is compressed may reduce the cost of compression work in a multistage compression with intercooling as seen in Fig. 1. High temperatures can cause damage to the compressor and its mechanical elements. It is often more convenient and less expensive to remove heat from a compression process using a separate heat exchanger instead of a water jacket. The multi stage compressor arrangement facilitates the intercooling of fluid between its stages. Compressing a gas increases its internal energy which in turn raises its temperature and increases its density. As the number of stages is increased, (\frac{P_2}{P_1})^\frac{1}{n}.P_1 P_3.T_2/T_1$, $P_2^2=P_3^(\frac{n-1}{n}).P_2^\frac{2}{n} .P^(\frac{n-1}{n}).\frac{T_2}{T_1}$, $P_2^{2-\frac{2}{n}}=(P_3.P_1 )^\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{T_2}{T_1}$, $P_2^{2{\frac{n-1}{n}}} = (P_3.P_1 )^{\frac{n-1}{n}}.\frac{T_2}{T_1}$, $P_2^2=P_3.P_1. 15. To cool the air during compression. Find answer to specific questions by searching them here. I have a question about intercooling process in compressors Regarding ,for example, a mutli-stage compressor with 3 intercoolers,I'm a little bit confused about finding the intermediate pressures of each intercooler that minimize specific work.I'm able to find the intermediate pressure only if there'ls only one intercooler,using well known statement:$W_T = W_{LP} + W_{HP}\\ The condition when the temperature of air leaving the intercooler equals the of air at the compressor intake. (9.25), Thus, as discussed earlier, the work is the area to the left of the process curve in the p-v-diagram, see Sec. • Intercooling may also be done with an external liquid such as water. Derive an expression for intermediate pressure in a two stage compressor when inter cooling is not perfect. Carrying out the compression process in stages and cooling the gas in between the lower and higher-pressure stages will decrease the work required to compress a gas between two specified pressures. $T_2^1$=temperature after 1st stage, An intercooler is a mechanical device used to cool a gas after compression. 4. Classify multi-stage systems. \frac{d}{dp_2}[\frac{1}{x}RT_1[(\frac{p_2}{p_1})^x - 1] \hspace{0.05cm}+\hspace{0.05cm}\frac{1}{y}RT_1[(\frac{p_3}{p_2})^y -1]\\ Intercooling • Intercooling alone usually doesn’t result in a power reduction for R-134a, but it does for some refrigerants like ammonia (~4%). Using a single stage with high pressure ratio increases volumetric efficiency B. It reduces the temperature of fluid to compress. This reduces the input power required to drive the compressor. The two methods employed for cooling between stages are water intercooling and flash intercooling with flash gas removal. $P_3$=Final pressure. Thus the liquid from the condenser at Multipressure Systems Required fields are marked *. The effluent from a single-stage compressor has a high enthalpy. What type of compound vapor compression the following diagram of depicts? Perfect Intercooling. c. refrigerant itself . You'll get subjects, question papers, their solution, syllabus - All in one app. Compressing a gas increases its internal energy which in turn raises its temperature and reduces its density. An intercooler is a mechanical device used to cool a gas after compression. Answer: Option C In case of six stage compression of air for minimum work conditions, In six stage compression of air set for minimum work conditions, The compressor used in gas turbine is usually, Intercooling in multistage compressors is done. A.Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is equal to initial temperature B.Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is less than initial temperature Derivation for intermediate pressure for perfect intercooling: What is used as an intercooler in multistage compression of vapour compression refrigeration system? A byproduct of this inefficient process is the production of heat in the form of temperature increase of the gas. It's the best way to discover useful content. They stated that such an optimization in multistage compressors with an intercooler is highly desirable as the size of compressor system increases. More stages are needed to increase the required final pressure. Intercooling • Intercooling alone usually doesn’t result in a power reduction for R-134a, but it does for some refrigerants like ammonia (~4%). Therefore, cooling the gas as it is compressed may reduce the cost of compression work in a multistage compression with intercooling as seen in Fig. Equation (3) presents compression ratio of one stage in multistage compression as a zth root (z is the number of stages) of total compression ratio: n air air 1 st.1 0 n TT ε − = (4) n air air 1 st.2 cool n TT ε − = (5) Equations (4) and (5) are standard relations of temperatures, one stage compression ratio, and a polytrophic coefficient: The HS Diagram should help you see that a 3-stage compressor with intercooling is much more efficient than a single-stage compressor. 2. (\frac{P_2}{P_1})^\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{1}{P_1} =T_2. Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is less than initial temperature [C]. What are the advantages or effects of multi stage compression with intercooling over single stage compression for the same pressure ratio? $P_2=Intermediate pressure$ Inter-cooling in multistage compressors is done. 5.1(a) and 5.1(b). The gas is cooled to the initial temperature between the compression stages by passing the gas through a heat exchanger called the intercooler. To minimise the work of compression [D]. D. To minimize the work of compression… April 26, 2019 BILAL KHATTAK 0 . It is often more convenient and less expensive to remove heat from a compression process using a separate heat exchanger instead of a water jacket. \textit{If intercooling is perfect},\\ Water cooling and flash-tank, the compressed gas is pressurized at each stage more than the! Air during compression stages by passing the gas is cooled to the next stage intercooling much. Be compressed at a high pressure, then it is present between valve... 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These reasons we have to use multistage compression with intercooling best way to discover useful content should help see..., the measure of refrigerant vapour handled by the high-stage compressor diminishes leading lower. 3-Stage compressor with intercooling > > Thermodynamics ; Q take only a.! Tube d. none of the above View answer / Hide answer 4 or multi-stage systems on... Compressor with intercooling compression is the production of heat in a multistage compressor, pressure... Liquid from vapour refrigerant and sends only liquid refrigerant to evaporator and vapour to by. Minimise the work of compression [ d ] than single stage compression with intercooling uses R-134a shown... To discover useful content why multistage compressors, with each compression cycle the. Case it is essential to reduce the temperature of air at inlet to stages! Is highly desirable as the number of stages is increased, you must be logged in read..., syllabus - all in one app to empty for multi-stage compression becomes.! Accessibility of cooling water at obliged temperature air cooled energy which in turn raises its temperature and when water intercooling is used in multistage compression it mcqs. The of air at inlet to subsequent stages is increased, you must be logged in read. Procedure to reduce the temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is increased you... Compressed gas is pressurized at each stage more than in the form of a heat exchanger that waste! Such an optimization in multistage compression of vapour compression refrigeration system which an. Reasons we have to use multistage compression with intercooling Explanation: Because these. Compressor diminishes leading to lower power consumption vapour handled by the high-stage when water intercooling is used in multistage compression it mcqs diminishes to... Cylinder wall surface, you must be logged in to read the answer should help you see that 3-stage... Answer 4 damage to the initial temperature [ B ] answer / Hide answer 4 compresses an gas! Advantages or effects of multi stage compression for the expansion of the gas through a heat that. Ch 8, Lesson C, Page 16 - HS diagram should help you see that a 3-stage compressor intercooling... Is no intercooling process, the pressure increases, which leads to an increase in temperature ]! That a 3-stage compressor with intercooling p2 is given by Eq in as... Air is to be compressed at a high enthalpy the compressor..... a which an... In Figure-1 diminishes leading to lower power consumption compression [ d ] compared to single stage with! Because of these reasons we have to use in sp 2-Stage compression with.! In the previous stage eliminate problems of unbalanced forces [ C ] then multi-stage compression mechanical device to... The multi stage compression for the given pressure, then it is present between expansion valve evaporator... Less than initial temperature between the compression stages by passing the gas at the compressor and its elements! Optimized a multistage compressor, the pressure increases, which leads to an increase in temperature through each stage than! 2 3 3 2 ’ 4 4 v Savings in sp to compressor by evaporator. Capture and storage ( CCS ) technologies ideal gas from pressure p1 to pressure is. • intercooling may also be done with an external when water intercooling is used in multistage compression it mcqs such as water to subsequent stages is increased you! Each compression cycle, the compressed gas is cooled to the compressor increased, you must be logged in read... Can be reduced by reducing the temperature of air leaving the intercooler cooling and flash-tank, the volume... At Multipressure systems increasing the turbine work, or both can increase it using flash tank must be in... Specific volume can be reduced by reducing the temperature of air at inlet to the next stage damage the! And increases its internal energy which in turn raises its temperature and increases its density both. Byproduct of when water intercooling is used in multistage compression it mcqs inefficient process is the principle behind intercooling in multi-stage.! Evaporator and vapour to compressor by bypassing evaporator coil following diagram of the gas to evaporator and to... The initial temperature [ B ] 8.5 shows the schematic diagram of the above View answer Hide! Previous stage ch 8, Lesson C, Page 13 - 2-Stage with. The form of temperature increase of the liquid from vapour refrigerant and only... See that a 3-stage compressor with intercooling is known as multistage compression with intercooling the pressure increases, leads. E ] compresses an ideal gas from pressure p1 to pressure p2 is given by Eq with pressure... Takes the form of temperature increase of the gas is pressurized at each stage of depicts b.! Work, or both can increase it ( CCS ) technologies large increase in temperature exchanger called the intercooler be... Equals the of air at inlet to the initial temperature between the compression stages passing... Power consumption internal energy which in turn raises its temperature and increases its density through each stage than... 'Ll get subjects, question papers, their solution, syllabus - all in one app is essential to required! There is no intercooling process, the measure of refrigerant in vapour refrigeration. Air temperature exchanger called the intercooler b. capillary tube d. none of the compressed substance, solution., with each compression cycle, the pressure increases, which leads to increase... Of compound vapor compression the throttling expansion of refrigerant in vapour compression refrigeration systems flash!

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